Seminars
Participants are taught in small seminar groups of up to 10 students, and receive two one-on-one tutorials with their tutor.
Sunday
Seminar 1
An introduction to Plato's Republic: the problem of justice, the nature of the just city-state and the just man. Some broad themes outlined: theory of forms, immortality of the soul, the role of the philosopher.
Seminar 2
Arguments and ideas in Book I of the Republic. Discussion of ageing, definitions of justice, and Socrates' refutations. Culmination in aporia.
Monday
Seminar 3
Book II of the Republic: challenge to Socrates by Glaucon and Adeimentus. The story of Gyges. More arguments about the nature of justice.
Seminar 4
Books II- IV: the city and the soul. The origin of society, the guardian class, the education and training of the guardians. Cardinal virtues, gymnastics, the Noble Lie.
Tuesday
Seminar 5
Books V-VI: the Ship of State. Further arguments of Socrates. Qualities of the philosopher-king, governance of the city-state compared to the command of a ship. Books VI-VII: Allegories of the sun, divided line and cave.
Seminar 6
Books VIII-IX: Plato's criticism of forms of government - aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy and tyranny. Socrates on power and corruption. Just, disinterested philosopher-kings governing the good city. Book X, myth of Er.
Wednesday
Seminar 7
The influence of Plato's Republic: Aristotle, Zeno of Citium and Cicero. Consideration of Augustine, Averroes, Thomas More, Hegel, Mussolini, Aldous Huxley, George Orwell and Martin Luther King Jr.
Seminar 8
The reception and evolution of Plato's concept of the philosopher-king. Aristotle's critique of Plato in his Politics. Plato's influence on Jewish and Islamic philosophy.
Thursday
Seminar 9
Did Plato think that his ideal state could be established in the real world? Archytas and Dion. The problem of identifying historical examples of philosopher-rulers. Possible pre-Plato philosopher-kings
Seminar 10
Various leaders who have been suggested as embodying the philosopher-ruler ideal. Controversies surrounding particular cases: Alexander the Great. Selection of candidates for discussion: Buddhist emperor Ashoka, Roman emperors Marcus Aurelius and Julian, Sasanian ruler Khosrow I, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, Matthias Corvinus, Akbar the Great, Thomas Jefferson, S. Radhakrishnan and others.
Friday
Seminar 11
Concepts in modern political theory that relate to, resemble, echo or involve the idea of philosopher-king. Examples: the benevolent dictator, noocracy, technocracy, enlightened absolutism, natural aristocracy. Government by algorithm.
Seminar 12
Is a philosopher-ruler possible or desirable today? Critiques and interpretations of the Republic. Critiques of the concept of philosopher-king and related modern concepts.
Programme timetable
The daily timetable will normally be as follows:
Saturdays
14.00–16.30 - Registration
16.30–17.00 - Orientation meeting
17.00–17.30 - Classroom orientation for tutor and students
17.30–18.00 - Drinks reception
18.00–20.00 - Welcome dinner
Sundays – Fridays
09.00–10.30 - Seminar
10.30–11.00 - Tea/coffee break
11.00–12.30 - Seminar
12.30–13.30 - Lunch
13.30–18.00 - Afternoons are free for tutorials, individual study, course-related field trips or exploring the many places of interest in and around Oxford.
18.00–19.00 - Dinner (there is a formal gala dinner every Friday to close each week of the programme).
A range of optional social events will be offered throughout the summer school. These are likely to include: a quiz night, visit to historic pubs in Oxford, visit to Christ Church for Evensong and after-dinner talks and discussions.